"ch'-" meaning in All languages combined

See ch'- on Wiktionary

Prefix [Lower Tanana]

IPA: /tʃʼ/
Etymology: Compare Ahtna cʼ-, Navajo ʼa-, Wailaki ʼ-, chʼi-. Etymology templates: {{cog|aht|cʼ-}} Ahtna cʼ-, {{cog|nv|ʼa-}} Navajo ʼa-, {{cog|wlk|ʼ-}} Wailaki ʼ- Head templates: {{head|taa|prefix}} ch'-
  1. Marks an indefinite possessor of a noun; someone's; something's Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-ch'--taa-prefix-6jukP5ns
  2. Marks an indefinite object of a postposition Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-ch'--taa-prefix-LJhz~90c
  3. Used to mark a possessed body part as detached or butchered Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-ch'--taa-prefix-y~mtR-QO
  4. Appears in the possessive forms of many loanwords Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-ch'--taa-prefix-Nv2onh8H Categories (other): Lower Tanana entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Lower Tanana entries with incorrect language header: 7 7 7 13 8 31 27
  5. Marks an indefinite verbal object Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-ch'--taa-prefix-q1RTF3S7
  6. Appears thematicized in some verbs Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-ch'--taa-prefix-eIPuIYqC Categories (other): Lower Tanana entries with incorrect language header, Pages using catfix, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Lower Tanana entries with incorrect language header: 7 7 7 13 8 31 27 Disambiguation of Pages using catfix: 7 8 11 12 8 30 24 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 4 4 5 15 5 38 30 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 3 4 4 15 4 41 29
  7. Appears thematicized in a number of nouns, especially gerunds (often with the transitional prefix i-) Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-ch'--taa-prefix-nLXFXWP0 Categories (other): Lower Tanana entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Lower Tanana entries with incorrect language header: 7 7 7 13 8 31 27

Alternative forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "aht",
        "2": "cʼ-"
      },
      "expansion": "Ahtna cʼ-",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nv",
        "2": "ʼa-"
      },
      "expansion": "Navajo ʼa-",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlk",
        "2": "ʼ-"
      },
      "expansion": "Wailaki ʼ-",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Compare Ahtna cʼ-, Navajo ʼa-, Wailaki ʼ-, chʼi-.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "taa",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "ch'-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Lower Tanana",
  "lang_code": "taa",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ch'- + -to' (“father”) → ch'eto' (“a father; the father; someone's father”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Marks an indefinite possessor of a noun; someone's; something's"
      ],
      "id": "en-ch'--taa-prefix-6jukP5ns",
      "links": [
        [
          "someone",
          "someone"
        ],
        [
          "something",
          "something"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ch'- + eɬ (“with”) → ch'e'aɬ (“with someone”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Marks an indefinite object of a postposition"
      ],
      "id": "en-ch'--taa-prefix-LJhz~90c",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ch'- + betthi' (“his/her head (part of his/her body)”) → bech'etthi' (“his/her head (head of another animal that he/she owns)”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "ch'- + seka' (“my foot (foot of my body)”) → sech'eka' (“my foot (foot of another animal that I possess)”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to mark a possessed body part as detached or butchered"
      ],
      "id": "en-ch'--taa-prefix-y~mtR-QO",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "7 7 7 13 8 31 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Lower Tanana entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ch'- + chebisja (“matches”) → -ch'echebisja (“'s matches”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "ch'- + sulji (“socks”) → -ch'esulji' (“'s socks”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Appears in the possessive forms of many loanwords"
      ],
      "id": "en-ch'--taa-prefix-Nv2onh8H",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ch'- + baba e'oɬ (“he/she is eating food”) → ch'e'oɬ (“he/she is eating something”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Marks an indefinite verbal object"
      ],
      "id": "en-ch'--taa-prefix-q1RTF3S7",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "7 7 7 13 8 31 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Lower Tanana entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 8 11 12 8 30 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using catfix",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 4 5 15 5 38 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 4 4 15 4 41 29",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "he/she is dancing",
          "text": "ch'eldzes",
          "translation": "he/she is dancing",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "animals will gather",
          "text": "ch'eteghodeɬ",
          "translation": "animals will gather",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Appears thematicized in some verbs"
      ],
      "id": "en-ch'--taa-prefix-eIPuIYqC",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "7 7 7 13 8 31 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Lower Tanana entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "ball",
          "text": "ch'ikegi",
          "translation": "ball",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "leech",
          "text": "ch'it'uda",
          "translation": "leech",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "meat, game animal",
          "text": "ch'etthen'",
          "translation": "meat, game animal",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Appears thematicized in a number of nouns, especially gerunds (often with the transitional prefix i-)"
      ],
      "id": "en-ch'--taa-prefix-nLXFXWP0",
      "links": [
        [
          "i-",
          "i-#Lower_Tanana"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/tʃʼ/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ch'-"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Lower Tanana entries with incorrect language header",
    "Lower Tanana lemmas",
    "Lower Tanana prefixes",
    "Pages using catfix",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "aht",
        "2": "cʼ-"
      },
      "expansion": "Ahtna cʼ-",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nv",
        "2": "ʼa-"
      },
      "expansion": "Navajo ʼa-",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlk",
        "2": "ʼ-"
      },
      "expansion": "Wailaki ʼ-",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Compare Ahtna cʼ-, Navajo ʼa-, Wailaki ʼ-, chʼi-.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "taa",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "ch'-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Lower Tanana",
  "lang_code": "taa",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ch'- + -to' (“father”) → ch'eto' (“a father; the father; someone's father”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Marks an indefinite possessor of a noun; someone's; something's"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "someone",
          "someone"
        ],
        [
          "something",
          "something"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ch'- + eɬ (“with”) → ch'e'aɬ (“with someone”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Marks an indefinite object of a postposition"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ch'- + betthi' (“his/her head (part of his/her body)”) → bech'etthi' (“his/her head (head of another animal that he/she owns)”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "ch'- + seka' (“my foot (foot of my body)”) → sech'eka' (“my foot (foot of another animal that I possess)”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to mark a possessed body part as detached or butchered"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ch'- + chebisja (“matches”) → -ch'echebisja (“'s matches”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "ch'- + sulji (“socks”) → -ch'esulji' (“'s socks”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Appears in the possessive forms of many loanwords"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "ch'- + baba e'oɬ (“he/she is eating food”) → ch'e'oɬ (“he/she is eating something”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Marks an indefinite verbal object"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Lower Tanana terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "he/she is dancing",
          "text": "ch'eldzes",
          "translation": "he/she is dancing",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "animals will gather",
          "text": "ch'eteghodeɬ",
          "translation": "animals will gather",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Appears thematicized in some verbs"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Lower Tanana terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "ball",
          "text": "ch'ikegi",
          "translation": "ball",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "leech",
          "text": "ch'it'uda",
          "translation": "leech",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "meat, game animal",
          "text": "ch'etthen'",
          "translation": "meat, game animal",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Appears thematicized in a number of nouns, especially gerunds (often with the transitional prefix i-)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "i-",
          "i-#Lower_Tanana"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/tʃʼ/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ch'-"
}

Download raw JSONL data for ch'- meaning in All languages combined (3.0kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (05c257f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.